畢照卿
習近平總書記在學習貫徹黨的(de)(de)二十大精神(shen)研討班(ban)開(kai)班(ban)式(shi)(shi)上發表重(zhong)要(yao)講話強調(diao)，“我們進一步(bu)(bu)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)對(dui)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)內涵和本質的(de)(de)認識，概(gai)括(kuo)形(xing)成中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特色、本質要(yao)求和重(zhong)大原則，初步(bu)(bu)構建中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)理(li)論體系，使中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)更(geng)(geng)加(jia)清(qing)晰、更(geng)(geng)加(jia)科學、更(geng)(geng)加(jia)可感(gan)可行”。從理(li)論體系的(de)(de)高(gao)度把握中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)，有助于不斷深(shen)化(hua)(hua)對(dui)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)道理(li)學理(li)哲理(li)的(de)(de)認識，深(shen)刻(ke)領會中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)原創(chuang)性貢獻，理(li)解把握中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)理(li)論何以(yi)開(kai)辟當代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)馬克思主(zhu)義、21世紀馬克思主(zhu)義的(de)(de)新(xin)境界。
從歷(li)史(shi)規律(lv)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)把握(wo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化理論體(ti)系的(de)(de)必然性。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化是(shi)我(wo)們黨領導全國(guo)各族(zu)(zu)人民(min)(min)在長期探索和實(shi)踐中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)歷(li)經千辛萬苦、付出巨大代價取得(de)的(de)(de)重(zhong)大成(cheng)果。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化理論體(ti)系以中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化的(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)背景、社會(hui)(hui)條件、文化根基(ji)與經濟(ji)基(ji)礎等為主(zhu)線，立足新中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)成(cheng)立后中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共產(chan)黨人對社會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)探索和實(shi)踐，深(shen)刻總結(jie)(jie)改(gai)革開放(fang)以來(lai)(lai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共產(chan)黨人對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特色社會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)開創、堅(jian)持(chi)和發(fa)(fa)展，進(jin)而(er)對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化推進(jin)和拓展的(de)(de)系統過程作出全面闡(chan)釋(shi)。換言之，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化理論是(shi)社會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)運動(dong)五百年，特別是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共產(chan)黨人推動(dong)社會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化的(de)(de)根本總結(jie)(jie)，凝結(jie)(jie)著實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)偉大復興這個(ge)近代以來(lai)(lai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)最根本的(de)(de)夢想(xiang)，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)了對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化歷(li)史(shi)發(fa)(fa)展中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)規律(lv)和趨勢的(de)(de)深(shen)刻把握(wo)。
從內在邏(luo)輯(ji)中(zhong)把握中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)理(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)性(xing)。理(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)最(zui)終(zhong)必(bi)然走向(xiang)科(ke)學(xue)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)以嚴(yan)密(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)邏(luo)輯(ji)與科(ke)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)想(xiang)結構(gou)(gou)把握范疇、概(gai)念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內在聯系(xi)(xi)與結構(gou)(gou)。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)理(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)是依據(ju)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)發展(zhan)實(shi)際情(qing)況提(ti)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)路徑和發展(zhan)模式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)概(gai)括，明確了(le)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根本性(xing)質、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特色(se)、本質要(yao)(yao)求、重大原(yuan)則(ze)(ze)、戰(zhan)略安(an)排等。其(qi)中(zhong)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根本性(xing)質是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)共產黨領導的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)會主義現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)；五(wu)個(ge)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特色(se)、九個(ge)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本質要(yao)(yao)求與五(wu)個(ge)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重大原(yuan)則(ze)(ze)內在聯系(xi)(xi)，既是基于中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)特殊內涵的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)概(gai)括，也是推進和拓展(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)踐要(yao)(yao)求，以此共同構(gou)(gou)成了(le)全面(mian)建設社(she)會主義現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必(bi)然遵(zun)循；分兩步走的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)略安(an)排則(ze)(ze)描(miao)繪了(le)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宏偉藍(lan)圖(tu)及(ji)其(qi)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)步驟(zou)。必(bi)須完整、準確、全面(mian)地把握其(qi)作為理(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨到之(zhi)處，充分感(gan)受在其(qi)科(ke)學(xue)性(xing)得(de)到印證過程中(zhong)所彰顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)想(xiang)智慧和理(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)力量。
從核心要(yao)義中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)把握(wo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)理論體(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)思想性(xing)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)蘊(yun)含(han)著獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)世(shi)界觀、價值(zhi)觀、歷(li)史觀、文明(ming)觀、民主(zhu)觀、生態觀，深(shen)(shen)刻體(ti)現(xian)(xian)了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)對(dui)世(shi)界現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)理論和(he)(he)實踐的(de)(de)重大創新(xin)，具有(you)鮮(xian)明(ming)的(de)(de)價值(zhi)目標導(dao)向，明(ming)確(que)(que)了(le)所承擔的(de)(de)歷(li)史使命與(yu)(yu)(yu)歷(li)史任務(wu)，為(wei)(wei)人類(lei)文明(ming)進步指明(ming)了(le)發展方(fang)向，為(wei)(wei)更好實現(xian)(xian)人民民主(zhu)確(que)(que)立(li)了(le)行動指南，為(wei)(wei)認識(shi)和(he)(he)處理人與(yu)(yu)(yu)自然關系(xi)(xi)提供了(le)重要(yao)遵循(xun)。與(yu)(yu)(yu)此相一(yi)致，習近平新(xin)時(shi)代中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特(te)色社會主(zhu)義思想世(shi)界觀和(he)(he)方(fang)法論的(de)(de)“六(liu)個必(bi)須(xu)堅(jian)持”明(ming)確(que)(que)了(le)必(bi)須(xu)堅(jian)持人民至上(shang)、自信自立(li)、守(shou)正創新(xin)、問題(ti)導(dao)向、系(xi)(xi)統觀念(nian)、胸懷天下。理解和(he)(he)把握(wo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)理論，應從“獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)六(liu)觀”與(yu)(yu)(yu)“六(liu)個必(bi)須(xu)堅(jian)持”相結(jie)合(he)的(de)(de)角度，進一(yi)步體(ti)會馬克思主(zhu)義世(shi)界觀和(he)(he)方(fang)法論的(de)(de)核心要(yao)義在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)理論體(ti)系(xi)(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)貫(guan)徹和(he)(he)落實，深(shen)(shen)刻感悟中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)內涵和(he)(he)本質特(te)征，不斷深(shen)(shen)化(hua)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)的(de)(de)獨(du)特(te)意蘊(yun)和(he)(he)價值(zhi)理念(nian)的(de)(de)把握(wo)。
從時(shi)代(dai)(dai)課題中(zhong)(zhong)把握中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)理(li)論(lun)(lun)體系(xi)的(de)(de)創(chuang)造性(xing)。黨的(de)(de)十八大(da)以來(lai)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)內外形(xing)勢變(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)各項事(shi)業發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)都給我(wo)們提出了(le)一(yi)(yi)個重(zhong)大(da)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)課題。歸結起來(lai)，就(jiu)(jiu)是從理(li)論(lun)(lun)和實(shi)踐(jian)結合上系(xi)統(tong)回答“新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)堅持和發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)什么樣的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)、怎樣堅持和發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)”。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)在(zai)對這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)重(zhong)大(da)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)課題的(de)(de)回答中(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)成(cheng)和發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)起來(lai)，也對這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)重(zhong)大(da)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)課題的(de)(de)理(li)論(lun)(lun)要旨和核心要義(yi)作出深刻的(de)(de)理(li)論(lun)(lun)闡釋，更站在(zai)新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)實(shi)踐(jian)的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上，回顧中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)歷(li)程(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)偉大(da)成(cheng)就(jiu)(jiu)，昭示中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)建設的(de)(de)世界意(yi)義(yi)與(yu)文明價值，以現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)視角(jiao)深化(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)”總體性(xing)敘事(shi)，集中(zhong)(zhong)展(zhan)(zhan)現(xian)這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)歷(li)史進程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)實(shi)踐(jian)創(chuang)新(xin)和理(li)論(lun)(lun)創(chuang)新(xin)。
從科學方法中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)把(ba)握中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國式(shi)(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)理(li)論(lun)(lun)體(ti)(ti)系的(de)(de)實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)性。時(shi)代(dai)(dai)是(shi)(shi)思想之(zhi)母，實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)理(li)論(lun)(lun)之(zhi)源。實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)發展永無止境(jing)，我們認識真理(li)、進(jin)行(xing)(xing)理(li)論(lun)(lun)創新的(de)(de)追求就永無止境(jing)。推(tui)進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國式(shi)(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)探索(suo)性事業(ye)，還(huan)有許(xu)多未知領域，需要(yao)我們在(zai)實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去大膽(dan)探索(suo)，推(tui)進(jin)基(ji)于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國式(shi)(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)基(ji)礎上的(de)(de)理(li)論(lun)(lun)創新必(bi)然不(bu)斷進(jin)行(xing)(xing)。推(tui)進(jin)和拓(tuo)展中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國式(shi)(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)需要(yao)處理(li)好頂層設計與實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)探索(suo)、戰略與策略、守正與創新、效(xiao)率與公(gong)平、活力與秩序、自立(li)自強與對外開放這六個(ge)方面的(de)(de)重大關系，以(yi)此實(shi)現統籌兼顧(gu)、系統謀(mou)劃、整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)推(tui)進(jin)。作(zuo)為理(li)論(lun)(lun)體(ti)(ti)系，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國式(shi)(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)理(li)論(lun)(lun)不(bu)僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)對過去與正在(zai)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)理(li)論(lun)(lun)概括，更是(shi)(shi)為進(jin)一步推(tui)進(jin)和拓(tuo)展中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國式(shi)(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)提供了(le)科學方法，由此構成了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國式(shi)(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)科學指南(nan)。
（作者：畢(bi)照卿(qing)，系(xi)中央(yang)黨校(xiao)〔國(guo)家(jia)行政學院〕習近平(ping)新時代中國(guo)特色(se)社會主(zhu)義(yi)思想(xiang)研究中心研究員）
